期刊
GREEN CHEMISTRY
卷 22, 期 16, 页码 5402-5413出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d0gc01422b
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资金
- Swedish Research Agency FORMAS [942-2016-33]
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA) [2016/1489]
Bio-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and its derivatives have attracted enormous attention due to their valuable market potential. Production of pure 5-HMF is challenging owing to the high reactivity of its functional groups and formation of by-products. In this study, an efficient continuous process for 5-HMF production in a biphasic system and its recovery at high yield and selectivity was developed. After an initial screening of different solvents, a water/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) system was selected for acid catalyzed fructose dehydration in a continuous mode using 0.23 M HCl as a catalyst. Effects of various reaction parameters on substrate conversion, product yield and selectivity, were determined. The process using 30% (w/v) fructose in water with three times the volume of DMC at 1 min residence time in a tube reactor at 200 degrees C provided 96.5% fructose conversion and 87.2% 5-HMF yield with a selectivity of 85.5% and 95.8% in aqueous and organic phases, respectively. Increasing the fructose concentration in the water phase to 52% gave 96.4% conversion and 74% 5-HMF yield. Using a fructose-glucose mixture as substrate had no effect on fructose conversion but affected slightly the selectivity of 5-HMF in the aqueous phase. Recovery of 5-HMF with >= 93% purity from DMC was achieved by solvent evaporation under vacuum, and improved by prior treatment with activated carbon, especially together with Na2CO3. Evaluation of the purified 5-HMF in a reaction with pentaerythritol showed comparable performance to the commercial 5-HMF in the production of a spirocyclic diol, a monomer for the production of polyesters and polyurethane.
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