期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 899, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aba1e9
关键词
Non-thermal radiation sources; Magnetic fields
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
- DoE/OFES
- NASA ATP program [NNH17AE68I]
- NASA [NNH16AC60I]
- National Science Foundation through the NSF/DOE Partnership in Basic Plasma Science and Engineering [PHY-1902867]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Science [DE-SC0018240, DE-SC0020219]
- LANL through its Center for Space and Earth Science (CSES)
- LANL's LDRD program [20180475DR]
- DoE National Nuclear Security Administration [89233218CNA000001]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0020219, DE-SC0018240] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Magnetic reconnection in the relativistic and transrelativistic regimes is able to accelerate particles to hard power-law energy spectraf proportional to gamma(-p)(approachingp= 1). The underlying acceleration mechanism that determines the spectral shape is currently a topic of intense investigation. By means of fully kinetic plasma simulations, we carry out a study of particle acceleration during magnetic reconnection in the transrelativistic regime of a proton-electron plasma. While earlier work in this parameter regime has focused on the effects of electric field parallel to the local magnetic field on the particle injection (from thermal energy to the lower-energy bound of the power-law spectrum), here we examine the roles of both parallel and perpendicular electric fields to gain a more complete understanding on the injection process and further development of a power-law spectrum. We show that the parallel electric field does contribute significantly to particle injection, and is more important in the initial phase of magnetic reconnection. However, as the simulation proceeds, the acceleration by the perpendicular electric field becomes more important for particle injection and completely dominates the acceleration responsible for the high-energy power-law spectrum. This holds robustly, in particular for longer reconnection times and larger systems, i.e., in simulations that are more indicative of the processes in astrophysical sources.
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