期刊
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
卷 38, 期 15, 页码 4037-4044出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2020.2986043
关键词
Apodized grating coupler; polarization independent; surface-normal; 2-D grating coupler
资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0209000]
- EPSRC [EP/L00044X/1]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [6171101108, 61704009, 61675191, 61177078]
- Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology [18JCQNJC01800]
- EPSRC [EP/T019697/1, EP/N013247/1, EP/L00044X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
A four-port grating coupler with etched square holes is proposed and demonstrated for surface-normal and polarization independent coupling. Benefiting from the perfectly vertical coupling and 1x4 power splitting/combing scheme, efficient polarization independent operation was achieved. The coupling efficiency was further improved by grating apodization. According to the simulations, the proposed 2D apodized grating coupler can achieve a coupling efficiency (CE) of 64.5% (-1.9 dB), a low upward back-reflection of 8.5% (-11 dB), and polarization-dependent loss (PDL) lower than 0.04 dB across the wave length range of 1520-1620 nm. A CE of 56.3% (-2.5 dB) was experimentally measured, with PDL below 0.3 dB within the C-band and lower than 0.5 dB within the L-band. Waveguide delay lines were used to compensate the waveguide channel phase differences at the output port.
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