期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
卷 16, 期 1, 页码 87-100出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2016.2619343
关键词
Channel estimation; equalization; OFDM; one-bit ADCs; wideband massive MIMO
资金
- European Union Seventh Framework Programme through MAMMOET [ICT-619086]
- Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet)
- National Science Foundation [NSF-CCF-1527079]
- ICT R&D program of MSIP/IITP [B0717-16-0002]
- Division of Computing and Communication Foundations [1527079] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) stand for a significant part of the total power consumption in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) base station. One-bit ADCs are one way to reduce power consumption. This paper presents an analysis of the spectral efficiency of single-carrier and orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) transmission in massive MIMO systems that use one-bit ADCs. A closed-form achievable rate, i.e., a lower bound on capacity, is derived for a wideband system with a large number of channel taps that employ low-complexity linear channel estimation and symbol detection. Quantization results in two types of error in the symbol detection. The circularly symmetric error becomes Gaussian in massive MIMO and vanishes as the number of antennas grows. The amplitude distortion, which severely degrades the performance of OFDM, is caused by variations between symbol durations in received interference energy. As the number of channel taps grows, the amplitude distortion vanishes and OFDM has the same performance as single-carrier transmission. A main conclusion of this paper is that wideband massive MIMO systems work well with one-bit ADCs.
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