期刊
FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS
卷 50, 期 11, 页码 1554-1586出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10701-020-00393-x
关键词
Thermodynamics; Special relativity
资金
- Polish National Science Centre [OPUS 2019/33/B/ST9/00942]
- PHAROS, COST Action [CA16214]
We critically revisit the definition of thermal equilibrium, in its operational formulation, provided by standard thermodynamics. We show that it refers to experimental conditions which break the covariance of the theory at a fundamental level and that, therefore, it cannot be applied to the case of moving bodies. We propose an extension of this definition which is manifestly covariant and can be applied to the study of isolated systems in special relativity. The zeroth law of thermodynamics is, then, proven to establish an equivalence relation among bodies which have not only the same temperature, but also the same center of mass four-velocity.
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