The implicit serial reaction time task induces rapid and temporary adaptation rather than implicit motor learning

The serial reaction time task (SRTT) has been widely used to induce learning of a repeated motor sequence without the participants' awareness. The task has also been of major influence for defining current concepts of offline consolidation after motor learning. The present study intended to replicate previous findings in a larger population of 53 healthy individuals. We were unable to reproduce previous results of online and offline implicit motor learning with the SRTT. Trials with a repeated sequence rapidly induced shorter reaction times compared to random trials, but this improvement was lost in a post-test obtained a few minutes after the training block. Furthermore, no offline consolidation was observed as there was no change in sequence specific reaction time gain between the post-test immediately after training and a re-test obtained 8 h after training. Online or offline learning remained absent when we modulated the number of sequence repetitions, the error levels, and the structure of random sequences. We conclude that the SRTT induces a rapid and temporary adaptation to the sequence rather than learning, since the repeated motor sequence does not seem to be encoded in memory.