期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 21, 期 21, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218070
关键词
basidiomycete; biotrophy; effector; cathepsin; hypersensitive response; papain inhibitor; protease; soil-borne pathogen; sugar beet
资金
- Helge Ax:son Johnson's foundation
- Swedish Research Council Formas [2015-00368]
- Swedish Research Council VR [621-2012-3982]
- MariboHilleshog Research AB
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
- IMBB-FORTH startup fund
- Stiftelsen Knut och Alice Wallenbergs forskarstipendiefond [GFS2019-0018]
- Formas [2015-00368] Funding Source: Formas
- Swedish Research Council [2015-00368] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
Rhizoctonia solani (Rs) is a soil-borne pathogen with a broad host range. This pathogen incites a wide range of disease symptoms. Knowledge regarding its infection process is fragmented, a typical feature for basidiomycetes. In this study, we aimed at identifying potential fungal effectors and their function. From a group of 11 predicted single gene effectors, a rare lipoprotein A (RsRlpA), from a strain attacking sugar beet was analyzed. The RsRlpA gene was highly induced upon early-stage infection of sugar beet seedlings, and heterologous expression in Cercospora beticola demonstrated involvement in virulence. It was also able to suppress the hypersensitive response (HR) induced by the Avr4/Cf4 complex in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants and functioned as an active protease inhibitor able to suppress Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) burst. This effector contains a double-psi beta-barrel (DPBB) fold domain, and a conserved serine at position 120 in the DPBB fold domain was found to be crucial for HR suppression. Overall, R. solani seems to be capable of inducing an initial biotrophic stage upon infection, suppressing basal immune responses, followed by a switch to necrotrophic growth. However, regulatory mechanisms between the different lifestyles are still unknown.
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