Finite Element Least Square Technique for Newtonian Fluid Flow through a Semicircular Cylinder of Recirculating Region via COMSOL Multiphysics

This article aims to study Newtonian fluid flow modeling and simulation through a rectangular channel embedded in a semicircular cylinder with the range of Reynolds number from 100 to 1500. The fluid is considered as laminar and Newtonian, and the problem is time independent. A numerical procedure of finite element's least Square technique is implemented through COMSOL multiphysics 5.4. The problem is validated through asymptotic solution governed through the screen boundary condition. The vortex length of the recirculating region formed at the back of the cylinder and orientation of velocity field and pressure will be discussed by three horizontal and four vertical lines along the recirculating region in terms of Reynolds number. It was found that the two vortices of unequal size have appeared and the lengths of these vortices are increased with the increase Reynolds number. Also, the empirical equations through the linear regression procedure were determined for those vortices. The orientation of the velocity magnitude as well as pressure along the lines passing through the center of upper and lower vortices are the same.