期刊
COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS
卷 1, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s43246-020-00072-4
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资金
- JSPS KAKENHI [JP17H02776, JP20H02641]
- MEXT Element Strategy Initiative to Form Core Research Center [JPMXP0112101001]
A large piezoelectric response in ferroelectric ceramics is typically associated with extrinsic contributions from ferroelectric domain structures. However, such domain structures cannot be expected in systems with pseudo-cubic symmetry. In this study, we determine the mechanism of significant piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in 0.3BaTiO(3)-0.1Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O-3-0.6BiFeO(3) ceramic with a perovskite-type pseudo-cubic symmetry. Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction reveals that the Bi ions in this ceramic essentially prefer to be off-centered at six sites by approximately 0.4 angstrom, in the cubic <100> directions. A phase transition occurs at T-C similar to 725K. However, the crystal seems to present a cubic symmetry even at room temperature. The large piezoelectric response is caused by the combinational partial ordering of the off-centered Bi ions, adapted to any direction of the applied electric field to the ceramic grains. The proposed mechanism for the emergence of a high polarization in the above system will enable designing novel Pb-free ceramics by controlling the fluctuated and off-centered ions under an applied electric field.
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