A Novel 3D Wideband Geometry-Based Channel Model for 5G Massive MIMO Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications in Urban Merging Areas

In this paper, a novel three-dimensional (3D) wideband geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) is developed for the fifth-Generation (5G) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channels in urban merging areas. Our proposed model consists of a semi-circle and multi-confocal semi-ellipsoids, which is the first GBSM that is capable of modeling the blocking effect of the sound barrier equipped in the merging area. Under the spherical wavefront assumption, we first derive the channel impulse responses (CIRs) of the proposed model in detail. Then we further generate the corresponding simulation model by using a ray selection algorithm with considering the influence of the sound barrier. Moreover, the impacts of the height of the sound barrier and the velocity of the vehicle on the statistical characteristics of the proposed model are discussed. Finally, our numerical and simulation results indicate that our proposed model can capture characteristics of massive MIMO V2V channels in a merging area, thereby demonstrating the efficiency of our proposed model.