期刊
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
卷 85, 期 2, 页码 634-648出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00426-019-01270-7
关键词
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资金
- MIUR
This study explores the relationship between successful navigation, task goals, and working memory. Results indicated that participants with route-based goals performed better in route-tracing tasks, while those with survey-based goals were better at finding shortcuts. Higher working memory ability (both visuo-spatial and verbal) helped reduce errors in route-tracing tasks during secondary visuo-spatial tasks.
There is still a need to analyze the factors that enhance navigation accuracy. This study aims to examine how success in environment learning relates to task goals and WM. A total of 90 undergraduates (46 females) learned a route from a virtual navigation experience after being given a goal that involved tracing the route (a route-based goal) or finding a shortcut (a survey-based goal). The two groups thus formed were each divided into three subgroups according to the dual-task paradigm: one only navigated (control condition); the other two did so while simultaneously performing a visuo-spatial or verbal secondary task. Afterwards, participants traced the previously seen route and found a shortcut. Several visuo-spatial and verbal WM tasks were also administered. The results showed that participants given a route-based goal performed better in the route-tracing task; and those given a survey-based goal were better at finding shortcuts. An influence of WM was also shown: higher WM (visuo-spatial and verbal) ability significantly reduced the number of route-tracing errors made while performing a secondary visuo-spatial task, regardless of the goal, whereas no such effects emerged for shortcut finding. These results offer new insight on how task goals and WM support successful navigation.
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