期刊
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
卷 18, 期 8, 页码 3254-3267出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2017GC006946
关键词
paleomagnetism; instrumentation; microscopy
资金
- NASA Emerging Worlds program
- NASA Planetary Major Equipment program [NNX15AH72G]
- NSF Integrated Support Promoting Interdisciplinary Research and Education (INSPIRE) program [EAR 1647504]
- NSF Electronics, Photonics and Magnetic Devices (EPMD) program [1408075]
- DARPA Quantum Assisted Sensing And Readout (QuASAR) program [HR0011-11-C-0073]
- IC Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program
- NASA [805546, NNX15AH72G] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1408075] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Remanent magnetization in geological samples may record the past intensity and direction of planetary magnetic fields. Traditionally, this magnetization is analyzed through measurements of the net magnetic moment of bulk millimeter to centimeter sized samples. However, geological samples are often mineralogically and texturally heterogeneous at submillimeter scales, with only a fraction of the ferromagnetic grains carrying the remanent magnetization of interest. Therefore, characterizing this magnetization in such cases requires a technique capable of imaging magnetic fields at fine spatial scales and with high sensitivity. To address this challenge, we developed a new instrument, based on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, which enables direct imaging of magnetic fields due to both remanent and induced magnetization, as well as optical imaging, of room-temperature geological samples with spatial resolution approaching the optical diffraction limit. We describe the operating principles of this device, which we call the quantum diamond microscope (QDM), and report its optimized image-area-normalized magnetic field sensitivity (20 mu T mu m/Hz(1/2)), spatial resolution (5 mu m), and field of view (4 mm), as well as trade-offs between these parameters. We also perform an absolute magnetic field calibration for the device in different modes of operation, including three-axis (vector) and single-axis (projective) magnetic field imaging. Finally, we use the QDM to obtain magnetic images of several terrestrial and meteoritic rock samples, demonstrating its ability to resolve spatially distinct populations of ferromagnetic carriers.
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