期刊
LASERS IN MEDICAL SCIENCE
卷 36, 期 4, 页码 913-926出版社
SPRINGER LONDON LTD
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03180-2
关键词
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; Photosensitizers; Dyes; Lipopolysaccharide inhibition; Endotoxin; Inflammation
资金
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Academic Excellence Program (CAPES-PROEX) [23038.000712/2018-34]
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2016/113386-5]
This study evaluated the efficacy of different photosensitizers in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for inhibiting lipopolysaccharide. The findings suggest that these photosensitizers can decrease LPS-induced inflammation.
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a complementary therapeutic modality for periodontal and endodontic diseases, in which Gram-negative bacteria are directly involved. Currently, there are few evidences regarding the effects of aPDT on bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and it would represent a major step forward in the clinical use of this therapy. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different photosensitizers (PSs) used in aPDT in LPS inhibition. Four PSs were used in this study: methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue (TBO), new methylene blue (NMB), and curcumin (CUR). Different approaches to evaluate LPS interaction with PSs were used, such as spectrophotometry, Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test, functional assays using mouse macrophages, and an in vivo model of LPS injection. Spectrophotometry showed that LPS decreased the absorbance of all PSs used, indicating interactions between the two species. LAL assay revealed significant differences in LPS concentrations upon pre-incubation with the different PSs. Interestingly, the inflammatory potential of LPS decreased after previous treatment with the four PSs, resulting in decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages. In vivo, pre-incubating curcumin with LPS prevented animals from undergoing septic shock within the established time. Using relevant models to study the inflammatory activity of LPS, we found that all PSs used in this work decreased LPS-induced inflammation, with a more striking effect observed for NMB and curcumin. These data advance the understanding of the mechanisms of LPS inhibition by PSs.
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