Early oil industry disinformation on global warming

Summary: The article explores the structure of key political coalitions in the United States countering climate action, revealing their central role in opposing mandatory limits on carbon emissions. By analyzing 12 prominent CCCM coalitions from 1989 to 2015, it is shown that over 2,000 organizations were involved in these coalitions, with a core of 179 organizations belonging to multiple coalitions. The coal and electrical utility sectors were found to be the most numerous and influential in these countermovements.