期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
卷 3, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.013173
关键词
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资金
- European Union (EU) [721465]
- ESQ fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (OAW)
- Lise-Meitner Fellowship of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [M2438-NBL]
- FWF [I3964-N27]
- National Agency for Research (ANR) of France
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [721465] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
In this study, we investigate the zero-temperature quantum phase diagram of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical cavity. The coupled atom-cavity system demonstrates key aspects of the t-J-V-W model, showcasing a rich phase diagram with multiple density and spin-ordered phases that can be controlled through pump strength and detuning. Real-time observation of emitted fields can provide strong signatures of the realized phase and facilitate the determination of phase transition lines.
We study the zero-temperature quantum phase diagram for a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical cavity. The two atomic spin states are Raman coupled by two transverse orthogonally polarized, blue-detuned plane-wave lasers inducing a repulsive cavity potential. For a weak pump the lasers favor a state with homogeneous density and predefined uniform spin direction. When one pump laser is polarized parallel to the cavity mode polarization, the photons coherently scattered into the resonator induce a polarization gradient along the cavity axis, which mediates long-range density-density, spin-density, and spin-spin interactions. We show that the coupled atom-cavity system implements central aspects of the t-J-V-W model with a rich phase diagram. At the mean-field limit we identify at least four qualitatively distinct density- and spin-ordered phases including ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order along the cavity axis, which can be controlled via the pump strength and detuning. Real-time observation of amplitude and phase of the emitted fields bears strong signatures of the realized phase and allows for real-time determination of phase transition lines. Together with measurements of the population imbalance, most properties of the phase diagram can be reconstructed.
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