4.3 Review

Development of Host-Orthogonal Genetic Systems for Synthetic Biology

期刊

ADVANCED BIOLOGY
卷 5, 期 3, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000252

关键词

host-orthogonal genetic system; regulation; replication; synthetic biology; transcription; translation

资金

  1. National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFA0901800, 2018YFA0900100]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [21878013]
  3. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
  4. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering

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The importance of constructing host-orthogonal genetic systems, their potential applications in synthetic biology, and future challenges are discussed in this review.
The construction of a host-orthogonal genetic system can not only minimize the impact of host-specific nuances on fine-tuning of gene expression, but also expand cellular functions such as in vivo continuous evolution of genes based on an error-prone DNA polymerase. It represents an emerging powerful approach for making biology easier to engineer. In this review, the recent advances are described on the design of genetic systems that can be stably inherited in the host cells and are responsible for important biological processes including DNA replication, RNA transcription, protein translation, and gene regulation. Their applications in synthetic biology are summarized and the future challenges and opportunities are discussed in developing such systems.

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