The bioinformatics toolbox for circRNA discovery and analysis

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of RNA molecule identified more than 40 years ago which are produced by a covalent linkage via back-splicing of linear RNA. Recent advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools have led directly to an ever-expanding field of types and biological functions of circRNAs. In parallel with technological developments, practical applications of circRNAs have arisen including their utilization as biomarkers of human disease. Currently, circRNA-associated bioinformatics tools can support projects including circRNA annotation, circRNA identification and network analysis of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). In this review, we collected about 100 circRNA-associated bioinformatics tools and summarized their current attributes and capabilities. We also performed network analysis and text mining on circRNA tool publications in order to reveal trends in their ongoing development.

Automated summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of RNA molecules produced by back-splicing of linear RNA, and recent advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools have greatly expanded our understanding of their biological functions and practical applications. There are now numerous bioinformatics tools available for circRNA annotation, identification, and network analysis, which continue to evolve to support various research projects in this field.