A prey-predator fractional order model with fear effect and group defense

In this work, a fractional-order prey-predator system with fear effect of predator on prey population and group defense has been proposed. The existence and uniqueness of the system have been studied. Non-negativity and boundedness are also theoretically demonstrated. Analysis of local stability with examination of saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation at equilibrium points are performed by the help of numerical simulations along with analytical study. All the numerical simulations are performed using MATLAB and MAPLE.

Automated summary

This work introduces a fractional-order prey-predator system with fear effect of predator on prey population and group defense, and explores the existence, uniqueness, non-negativity, and boundedness of the system theoretically. The local stability at equilibrium points is analyzed through numerical simulations with examination of saddle-node and Hopf bifurcation, performed using MATLAB and MAPLE.