Character of motional modes for entanglement and sympathetic cooling of mixed-species trapped-ion chains

Modular mixed-species ion-trap networks are a promising framework for scalable quantum information processing, where one species acts as a memory qubit and another as a communication qubit. This architecture requires high-fidelity mixed-species entangling gates to transfer information from communication to memory qubits through their collective motion. We investigate the character of the motional modes of mixed-species ion chains of various lengths and in various trap potentials for entangling operations and sympathetic cooling. We find that the laser power required for high-fidelity entangling gates based on transverse modes is at least an order of magnitude higher than that for gates based on axial modes for ion species with a large mass ratio. We also find that for even moderate mass differences, the transverse modes are much harder to cool than the axial modes regardless of the ion chain configuration. Therefore, transverse modes conventionally used for operations in single-species ion chains may not be well suited for mixed-species chains with widely different masses.

Automated summary

For high-fidelity entangling gates based on transverse modes for mixed-species ion chains with large mass ratio, the laser power required is at least an order of magnitude higher than that for gates based on axial modes. Additionally, even with moderate mass differences, the transverse modes are much harder to cool than the axial modes.