The impact of narrow personality traits on entrepreneurial intention in developing countries: A comparison of Turkish and Iranian undergraduate students using ordered discrete choice models

This study aimed to examine the potential determinants of the entrepreneurial intention (EI) levels of Turkish and Iranian undergraduate students with an emphasis on the narrow personality traits that could predict such students' EI levels. For this purpose, a well-established written questionnaire was administered to a total of 875 undergraduate students from both countries. Due to the ordered nature of the dependent variable, the data were analyzed using the ordered logit, generalized ordered logit, and partial proportional odds models. The results of the study showed significant differences between the Turkish and Iranian undergraduate students' EI levels. That is, the presence of an entrepreneur in the family increased the Turkish undergraduate students' EI levels whereas the Turkish undergraduate students whose household heads were government officials or retirees had lower EI levels than those whose parents were self-employed. The Turkish undergraduate students who saw themselves as having much enthusiasm and having the tendency to become tense and to do things efficiently had a higher intention to found a business venture in the near future compared to those who did not have such traits. In contrast, the Turkish students who saw themselves as having the tendency to persevere until their task is finished, to be moody, and to make plans and implement them had lower EI levels than those who did not have these traits. Openness (with significant narrow personality traits such as having the tendency to be original, to come up with new ideas, and to have an active imagination) was found to be the Big Five personality trait with the greatest positive impact on the Iranian undergraduate students' EI levels whereas the Iranian undergraduate students who saw themselves as ingenious, deep thinkers, and worriers had lower EI levels. It was also shown in this study that the Iranian undergraduate students with a monthly income from a job in addition to their stipend from their family were more likely to have higher EI levels than those whose monthly funds came only from their parents. In addition, the male Iranian students were found to have lower EI levels than their female counterparts. This study contributed to the existing literature by conducting a cross-cultural comparison of two developing countries using the ordered discrete choice modeling approaches, and its empirical findings may assist policymakers in coming up with effective policies for promoting entrepreneurship. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. on behalf of AEDEM.

Automated summary

The study found significant differences in entrepreneurial intention levels between Turkish and Iranian undergraduate students, with family background and personality traits playing a role in predicting entrepreneurship intentions. Narrow personality traits and openness were found to have an impact on entrepreneurial intention levels in both countries.