期刊
CHEMICAL REVIEWS
卷 121, 期 5, 页码 2780-2815出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00732
关键词
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资金
- European Research Council (ERC) [291472, 742068]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [824123, 766566]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 1143]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- Wurzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence on Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter-ct.qmat [EXC 2147, 390858490]
This article introduces the concept and classification of topological materials from the perspective of a solid-state chemist, discussing key elements of topology and related techniques for characterizing materials. It also provides a brief outlook on the application of topology in other areas of chemistry.
Topology, a mathematical concept, has recently become a popular and truly transdisciplinary topic encompassing condensed matter physics, solid state chemistry, and materials science. Since there is a direct connection between real space, namely atoms, valence electrons, bonds, and orbitals, and reciprocal space, namely bands and Fermi surfaces, via symmetry and topology, classifying topological materials within a single-particle picture is possible. Currently, most materials are classified as trivial insulators, semimetals, and metals or as topological insulators, Dirac and Weyl nodal-line semimetals, and topological metals. The key ingredients for topology are certain symmetries, the inert pair effect of the outer electrons leading to inversion of the conduction and valence bands, and spin-orbit coupling. This review presents the topological concepts related to solids from the viewpoint of a solid-state chemist, summarizes techniques for growing single crystals, and describes basic physical property measurement techniques to characterize topological materials beyond their structure and provide examples of such materials. Finally, a brief outlook on the impact of topology in other areas of chemistry is provided at the end of the article.
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