期刊
ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS
卷 4, 期 3, 页码 2233-2250出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01472
关键词
3D cell culture; stiffness; mechanical properties; tissue mimic; tunable materials; hydrogels
资金
- Politecnico di Torino
- DEFLeCT
- Food Drug Free projects - Regione Piemonte POR-FESR 2014-2020
Three-dimensional cell culture systems are believed to better simulate physiological conditions compared to traditional two-dimensional systems. Mechanosensing plays a crucial role in controlling various cell functions, and alterations in extracellular matrix structure due to pathologies can impact tissue stiffness. Development of platforms with modulable stiffness may enhance understanding of cell behavior under mechanical stress stimuli.
It is widely accepted that three-dimensional cell culture systems simulate physiological conditions better than traditional 2D systems. Although extracellular matrix components strongly modulate cell behavior, several studies underlined the importance of mechanosensing in the control of different cell functions such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Human tissues are characterized by different degrees of stiffness, and various pathologies (e.g., tumor or fibrosis) cause changes in the mechanical properties through the alteration of the extracellular matrix structure. Additionally, these modifications have an impact on disease progression and on therapy response. Hence, the development of platforms whose stiffness could be modulated may improve our knowledge of cell behavior under different mechanical stress stimuli. In this review, we have analyzed the mechanical diversity of healthy and diseased tissues, and we have summarized recently developed materials with a wide range of stiffness.
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