期刊
IEEE ACCESS
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 55063-55076出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3071214
关键词
Bicycles; Mathematical model; Roads; Wheels; Solid modeling; Tires; Acceleration; Bicycle modeling; bicycle simulator; experimental validation; road characteristics; simulation
资金
- Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions [Horizon 2020 Model Grant Agreement for Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Networks (H2020 MGA MSCA-ITN)] through the SAFERUP Project [765057]
This paper presents the new features implemented on the bicycle simulator developed by PICS-L at Gustave Eiffel University, focusing on studying road-bicycle interactions. The study validated the simulator and developed mathematical model through an experiment involving 36 participants, and will be further utilized for exploring bicycle dynamics, cyclist behavior, and interactions with infrastructure and other road users.
In this paper, we present the new features implemented on the bicycle simulator developed by the Perceptions, Interactions, Behaviors and Simulations Lab for road and street users (PICS-L) at Gustave Eiffel University. The added features were deemed necessary to study road-bicycle interactions. We equipped the simulator platform with: three actuators to render the road profile vibrations, an asphalt specimen attached to the rear tire to render the road adhesion, and a new virtual reality environment to render a part of the city of Vanves in France. Simultaneously, we developed a mathematical model with 6 degrees of freedom including the three rotational angles (Yaw, Pitch and Roll) and their influence on vertical, lateral and longitudinal modeling. In order to validate the simulator and the developed model physically and subjectively, we conducted an experiment involving 36 participants who rode the simulator for around 600 meters with full control on the handlebar, pedals and brakes. The improved simulator/mathematical model will be employed to further study bicycle dynamics, cyclist behavior and the interaction with the infrastructure and other road users.
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