期刊
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
卷 32, 期 1, 页码 138-150出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa113
关键词
anuran; dear enemy effect; neighbor recognition; resource defense; social recognition; territorial
资金
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior
- University of Minnesota Graduate School
- University of Minnesota Council of Graduate Students
- Society for the Study of Evolution
- American Philosophical Society
- National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [1601493]
- Florence Rothman Fellowship, Bell Museum of Natural History
- James W. Wilkie Fund
- Frank McKinney Fund, Bell Museum of Natural History
- Dayton Fund, Bell Museum of Natural History
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1601493] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
In a study of two closely related species of poison frogs, it was found that golden rocket frogs exhibit social recognition of territory neighbors and display a dear enemy effect, while Kai rocket frogs are equally aggressive towards neighbors and strangers. This species difference in behavior is associated with differences in reproductive ecology and territory characteristics, suggesting that reproductive ecology can drive changes in social structure that select for social recognition.
Navigating social relationships frequently rests on the ability to recognize familiar individuals using phenotypic characteristics. Across diverse taxa, animals vary in their capacities for social recognition, but the ecological and social sources of selection for recognition are often unclear. In a comparative study of two closely related species of poison frogs, we identified a species difference in social recognition of territory neighbors and investigated potential sources of selection underlying this difference. In response to acoustic playbacks, male golden rocket frogs (Anomaloglossus beeber) recognized the calls of neighbors and displayed a dear enemy effect by responding less aggressively to neighbors' calls than strangers' calls. In contrast, male Kai rocket frogs (Anomaloglossus kaiei) were equally aggressive to the calls of neighbors and strangers. This species difference in behavior is associated with key differences in reproductive ecology and characteristics of territories. Golden rocket frogs defend reproductive resources in the form of brome-liads, which is expected to create a threat asymmetry between neighbors and strangers favoring decreased aggression to neighbors. In contrast, Kai rocket frogs do not defend reproductive resources. Further, compared with Kai rocket frog territories, golden rocket frog territories occur at higher densities and are defended for longer periods of time, creating a more complex social environment with more opportunities for repeated but unnecessary aggression between neighbors, which should favor the ability to recognize and exhibit less aggression toward neighbors. These results suggest that differences in reproductive ecology can drive changes in social structure that select for social recognition.
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