Integrated use of treated dairy wastewater and agro- residue for Agaricus bisporus mushroom cultivation: Experimental and kinetics studies

In this study, the combined application of treated dairy wastewater and agricultural residues for Agaricus bisporus mushroom cultivation is presented. For this, laboratory-scale cultivation of A. bisporus was done on a mixture of wheat straw and sugar cane bagasse substrates moistened with different concentrations of treated dairy waste-water (DWW) including, 0 (borewel l water), 25 , 50 , 75 , and 10 0% , respectively. Additionally, the mushroom growth patterns were analyzed using different kinetics models. The results revealed that substrate moistening us-ing DWW showed a significant increase (P < 0. 05 ) in the nutrients composition which subsequently enhanced mushroom productivity. The maximum removal of substrate nutrients by A. bisporus was achieved using 75 % DWW treatment with maximum mushroom yield (224 .07 +/- 6.72 g/kg FS ), biological efficiency (112.04 +/- 3.36%), and minimum spawn running time (15 days), respectively. In addition, the highest deforma-tion of substrate chemical species was reported using 75 % DWW enrichment as revealed from FTIR analysis. Also, the logistic model gave more reliable results as compared to the modified Gompertz model to determine the kinetics of A. bisporus growth and yield. This paper provides an integrated approach for sustainable management of industrial wastewater and agricultural residues in mushroom production while minimizing risks associated with their disposal.

Automated summary

This study presents the combined application of treated dairy wastewater and agricultural residues for Agaricus bisporus mushroom cultivation, with significant nutrient uptake and increased mushroom productivity observed when using dairy wastewater for substrate moistening. The logistic model proved to be more reliable than the modified Gompertz model in determining the growth and yield kinetics of A. bisporus.