期刊
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
卷 18, 期 2, 页码 352-371出版社
CHINA ANTI-CANCER ASSOC
DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0004
关键词
Nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles; bioinformatic prediction; neoantigen; personalized vaccines; tumor immunotherapy
资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0208900, 2018YFE0205300]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China [Z200020]
- Beijing Nova Program [Z201100006820031]
- Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province [ts20190987]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31800838, 31820103004, 31730032, 31800799]
- Key Research Project of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDJ-SSW-SLH022]
- Innovation Research Group of National Natural Science Foundation [11621505]
- Hundred-Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nanomaterial-based vaccines show great potential in enhancing antigen immunogenicity and promoting specific T cell responses for cancer therapy. However, immune responses to tumor-associated antigens may be limited, while vaccines based on neoantigens could be effective for personalized treatments.
Nanomaterial based delivery vehicles such as lipid based, polymer based, inorganics based, and bio-inspired vehicles often carry distinct and attractive advantages in the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines. Based on various delivery vehicles, specifically designed nanomaterials-based vaccines are highly advantageous in boosting therapeutic and prophylactic antitumor immunities. Specifically, therapeutic vaccines featuring unique properties have made major contributions to the enhancement of antigen immunogenicity, encapsulation efficiency, biocompatibility, and stability, as well as promoting antigen cross-presentation and specific CD8(+) T cell responses. However, for clinical applications, tumor-associated antigen-derived vaccines could be an obstacle, involving immune tolerance and deficiency of tumor specificities, in achieving maximum therapeutic indices. However, when using bioinformatics predictions with emerging innovations of in silico tools, neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines might become potent personalized vaccines for tumor treatments. In this review, we summarize the development of preclinical therapeutic cancer vaccines and the advancements of nanornaterial-based delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapies, which provide the basis for a personalized vaccine delivery platform. Moreover, we review the existing challenges and future perspectives of nanomaterial-based personalized vaccines for novel tumor immunotherapies.
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