Earth Fault Management for Smart Grids Interconnecting Sustainable Wind Generation

In this study, the active traveling-wave fault location function is incorporated into the management of earth faults for smart unearthed and compensated distribution networks associated with distributed renewable generation. Unearthed and compensated networks are implemented mainly to attain service continuity, specifically during earth faults. This advantage is valued for service continuity of grid-interconnected renewable resources. However, overcurrent-based fault indicators are not efficient in indicating the fault path in these distribution networks. Accordingly, in this study, the active traveling-wave fault location is complemented using distributed Rogowski coil-based fault passage indicators. Active traveling waves are injected by switching the neutral point of unearthed and compensated networks using a thyristor. This method has the advantage of creating traveling waves even though the faulted feeder is in service. In addition, a wind energy conversion system based on a doubly-fed induction generator is interconnected. Distributed Rogowski coil fault passive indicators (FPIs) are suggested over the distribution network specifically at the lateral busbars to achieve fault management using active traveling waves. A practical suburban 20-kV compensated distribution network is simulated using ATP/EMTP. Results confirm an effective fault management process using active traveling waves in combination with distributed Rogowski coils as FPIs in the compensated distribution network. The network can continuously attain and interconnect distributed renewable resources sustainably during the earth fault period.

Automated summary

This study focuses on the integration of active traveling-wave fault location function and distributed Rogowski coil-based fault passage indicators in smart unearthed and compensated distribution networks to ensure service continuity and sustainable interconnection of distributed renewable resources during earth fault periods.