期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
卷 103, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.103.053310
关键词
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资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11804177, 11547034, 11775123]
- Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China [ZR2018BA032]
- Australian Research Council's (ARC) [DP180102018, DP170104008]
- Recruitment Program for Young Professionals in China (Thousand Young Talent Program)
By studying the dynamic structure factors of a strongly interacting Fermi superfluid, it is possible to differentiate between the characteristics of conventional BCS superfluid and Sarma superfluid in different phase transitions, especially in the Bose-Einstein-condensate-like regime of the Fermi superfluid.
We theoretically investigate dynamic structure factors of a strongly interacting Fermi superfluid near an orbital Feshbach resonance with random phase approximation approach at zero temperature, and find their dynamical characters across the phase transition from a balanced conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid to a polarized Sarma superfluid by continuously varying the chemical potential difference of two spin components. In a Bose-Einstein-condensate-like regime of the Fermi superfluid, dynamic structure factors can help distinguish the in-phase ground state from the out-of-phase metastable state by the relative location of molecular excitation and Leggett mode, or the minimum energy to break a Cooper pair. In the phase transition from BCS to Sarma superfluid, we find the dynamic structure factor of Sarma superfluid has its own specific gapless excitation at a small transferred momentum where the collective phonon excitation acquires a finite width, and also a relatively strong atomic excitation at a large transferred momentum, because of the existence of unpaired Fermi atoms. Our results can be used to differentiate Sarma superfluid from BCS superfluid.
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