期刊
THERANOSTICS
卷 11, 期 9, 页码 4502-4515出版社
IVYSPRING INT PUBL
DOI: 10.7150/thno.54498
关键词
SGLT2 inhibitors; diabetes; atherosclerosis; therapy; cardiovascular complications
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [82070464, 81941022, 81530025]
- Program for Innovative Research Team of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC
- Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB38010100]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1309603]
- Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program [2017BT01S131]
- China International Medical Foundation
- Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province [006223066002]
SGLT2 inhibitors not only lower blood sugar levels, but also have a preventative effect on cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are new oral drugs for the therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research in the past decade has shown that drugs of the SGLT2i class, such as empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin, have pleiotropic effects in preventing cardiovascular diseases beyond their favorable impact on hyperglycemia. Of clinical relevance, recent landmark cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated that SGLT2i reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiovascular death in T2DM patients with/without cardiovascular diseases (including atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and various types of heart failure). The major pharmacological action of SGLT2i is through inhibiting glucose re-absorption in the kidney and thus promoting glucose excretion. Studies in experimental models of atherosclerosis have shown that SGLT2i ameliorate the progression of atherosclerosis by mechanisms including inhibition of vascular inflammation, reduction in oxidative stress, reversing endothelial dysfunction, reducing foam cell formation and preventing platelet activation. Here, we summarize the anti-atherosclerotic actions and mechanisms of action of SGLT2i, with an aim to emphasize the clinical utility of this class of agents in preventing the insidious cardiovascular complications accompanying diabetes.
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