Sarcopenia and Visceral Metastasis at Cabazitaxel Initiation Predict Prognosis in Patients With Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Receiving Cabazitaxel Chemotherapy

Background/Aim: Cabazitaxel is recommended as first-line treatment after docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, the efficacy, adverse events and prognostic factors associated with cabazitaxel are unclear. Patients and Methods: This single-centre retrospective study including 30 patients with CRPC treated with cabazitaxel between 2014 and 2020 investigated efficacy, outcomes and prognostic factors. Results: Fourteen patients had visceral metastases. The median cabazitaxel dose was 20 mg/m(2). The prostate-specific antigen response rate, time to prostate-specific antigen response, and overall survival were 133%, 3.48 months, and 7.92 months, respectively. The rates of grade 3 or more neutropenia and febrile neutropenia were 20% and 6.7%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, sarcopenia and visceral metastasis at the time of cabazitaxel initiation were independent and significant factors conferring a poor prognosis. Conclusion: The early introduction of cabazitaxel, prior to the development of sarcopenia and visceral metastasis, might contribute to improved prognosis in CRPC.

Automated summary

Cabazitaxel is recommended as first-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, and early introduction of cabazitaxel before sarcopenia and visceral metastasis development may contribute to improved prognosis. Sarcopenia and visceral metastasis are significant factors associated with poor prognosis in patients treated with cabazitaxel.