Information paradox and its resolution in de Sitter holography

We formulate a version of the information paradox in de Sitter spacetime and show that it is solved by the emergence of entanglement islands in the context of the De Sitter/de Sitter correspondence; in particular, the entanglement entropy of a subregion obeys a time-dependent Page curve. Our construction works in general spacetime dimensions and keeps the graviton massless. We interpret the resulting behavior of the entanglement entropy using double holography. It suggests that the spatial distribution of microscopic degrees of freedom depends on descriptions, as in the case of a black hole. In the static (distant) description of de Sitter (black hole) spacetime, these degrees of freedom represent microstates associated with the Gibbons-Hawking (Bekenstein-Hawking) entropy and are localized toward the horizon. On the other hand, in a global (effective two-sided) description, which is obtained by the quantum analog of analytic extension and is intrinsically semiclassical, they are distributed uniformly and in a unique semiclassical de Sitter (black hole) vacuum state.

Automated summary

The study formulates a version of the information paradox in de Sitter spacetime, which is resolved by the emergence of entanglement islands as shown in the De Sitter/de Sitter correspondence, leading to a time-dependent Page curve for the entanglement entropy. It suggests that the distribution of microscopic degrees of freedom depends on descriptions, with differences between the static and global descriptions of de Sitter spacetime.