期刊
MOLECULES AND CELLS
卷 44, 期 5, 页码 310-317出版社
KOREAN SOC MOLECULAR & CELLULAR BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0059
关键词
CD1 molecules; CD1a; inflammatory skin diseases; lipid antigens; lipid-reactive T cells
资金
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2018R1D1A1B07048813]
- Korea University [K1807481]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2018R1D1A1B07048813] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
CD1a is a family of cell-surface glycoproteins that present lipid antigens to T cells. CD1a-restricted T cells can interact with the CD1a:lipid complex in various ways, potentially contributing to inflammatory skin disorders and other diseases.
Cluster of differentiation 1 (CD1) is a family of cell-surface glycoproteins that present lipid antigens to T cells. Humans have five CD1 isoforms. CD1a is distinguished by the small volume of its antigen-binding groove and its stunted A' pocket, its high and exclusive expression on Langerhans cells, and its localization in the early endosomal and recycling intracellular trafficking compartments. Its ligands originate from self or foreign sources. There are three modes by which the T-cell receptors of CD1a-restricted T cells interact with the CD1a:lipid complex: they bind to both the CD1a surface and the antigen or to only CD1a itself, which activates the T cell, or they are unable to bind because of bulky motifs protruding from the antigen-binding groove, which might inhibit autoreactive T-cell activation. Recently, several studies have shown that by producing T(H)2 or T(H)17 cytokines, CD1arestricted T cells contribute to inflammatory skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis, and wasp/bee venom allergy. They may also participate in other diseases, including pulmonary disorders and cancer, because CD1a-expressing dendritic cells are also located in non-skin tissues. In this mini-review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the biology of CD1a-reactive T cells and their potential roles in disease.
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