期刊
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
卷 298, 期 -, 页码 137-147出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.001
关键词
Growth factor; Neurotrophin; Axon sprouting; Synaptic plasticity; 6-Hydroxydopamine; MPTP; Sigma-1 receptor; Synuclein
资金
- Michael J Fox Foundation
- Swedish Parkinson Foundation
- Swedish Governmental Funding for Clinical Research (ALF) [43301]
- JPB Foundation
- Parkinson's Disease Foundation
- Brain & Behavior Distinguished Investigator Award
Disease-modifying treatments remain an unmet medical need in Parkinson's disease (PD). Such treatments can be operationally defined as interventions that slow down the clinical evolution to advanced disease milestones. A treatment may achieve this outcome by either inhibiting primary neurodegenerative events (neuroprotection) or boosting compensatory and regenerative mechanisms in the brain (neurorestoration). Here we review experimental paradigms that are currently used to assess the neuroprotective and neurorestorative potential of candidate treatments in animal models of PD. We review some key molecular mediators of neuroprotection and neurorestoration in the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway that are likely to exert beneficial effects on multiple neural systems affected in PD. We further review past and current strategies to therapeutically stimulate these mediators, and discuss the preclinical evidence that exercise training can have neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects. A future translational task will be to combine behavioral and pharmacological interventions to exploit endogenous mechanisms of neuroprotection and neurorestoration for therapeutic purposes. This type of approach is likely to provide benefit to many PD patients, despite the clinical, etiological, and genetic heterogeneity of the disease.
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