MYC protein interactors in gene transcription and cancer

The transcription factor and oncoprotein MYC is a potent driver of many human cancers and can regulate numerous biological activities that contribute to tumorigenesis. How a single transcription factor can regulate such a diverse set of biological programmes is central to the understanding of MYC function in cancer. In this Perspective, we highlight how multiple proteins that interact with MYC enable MYC to regulate several central control points of gene transcription. These include promoter binding, epigenetic modifications, initiation, elongation and post-transcriptional processes. Evidence shows that a combination of multiple protein interactions enables MYC to function as a potent oncoprotein, working together in a 'coalition model', as presented here. Moreover, as MYC depends on its protein interactome for function, we discuss recent research that emphasizes an unprecedented opportunity to target protein interactors to directly impede MYC oncogenesis. This Perspective highlights the importance of protein-protein interactions for the oncogenic functions of MYC and discusses how the MYC protein interactome might be exploited therapeutically.

Automated summary

The transcription factor and oncoprotein MYC plays a critical role in many human cancers, with its ability to interact with multiple proteins enabling it to regulate key control points of gene transcription. This 'coalition model' of protein interactions allows MYC to function as a potent oncoprotein, and provides a potential therapeutic target for impeding MYC oncogenesis.