Nonfullerene acceptors for P3HT-based organic solar cells

Progressive advancement of remarkably high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) largely depends on the development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), revealing the astonishing ability of OSCs to shift the paradigm of sustainable energy research. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is still positioned as a promising donor in cost-effectiveness and bulk availability. Recently, OSCs composed of P3HT and newly designed NFAs reached over 10% PCE, which increased the expectation of the large-scale production of OSCs. In this review, we summarize the critical evolution of fundamental molecular design for various NFAs over the last decade, specifically for the combination with P3HT. Some important NFAs with new diversity in their building blocks and excellent performance are highlighted. We also summarize nonhalogenated green solvent processes for the P3HT:NFA-based OSCs. Brief introductions are also provided regarding the large-area fabrication. This review offers clear guidelines with a comprehensive view for further developing NFAs compatible with P3HT-based OSCs for future commercialization.

Automated summary

This review summarizes the critical evolution of various non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) in combination with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in organic solar cells (OSCs) over the past decade, highlighting some important NFAs with new diversity and excellent performance. Additionally, it provides clear guidelines for further developing NFAs compatible with P3HT-based OSCs for future commercialization.