期刊
COGNITION
卷 209, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104556
关键词
Aging; Memory; Mnemonic discrimination; Perceptual discrimination; Executive function; Individual differences
资金
- BBSRC [BB/L02263X/1]
- University of Cambridge Behavioural
- Medical Research Council
- Wellcome Trust
- Medical Research Council scholarship
- Medical Research Council programme grant [SUAG/046 G101400]
- McDonnell Foundation [220020333]
- BBSRC [BB/L02263X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MC_UU_00005/8, 1941893] Funding Source: UKRI
This study examines the impact of perceptual discrimination and executive functions on mnemonic discrimination in older adults. The findings show that perceptual discrimination plays a greater role in Forced Choice tasks, while executive functions are more important for Yes/No tasks.
Mnemonic discrimination deficits, or impaired ability to discriminate between similar events in memory, is a hallmark of cognitive aging, characterised by a stark age-related increase in false recognition. While individual differences in mnemonic discrimination have gained attention due to potential relevance for early detection of Alzheimer's disease, our understanding of the component processes that contribute to variability in task performance across older adults remains limited. The present investigation explores the roles of representational quality, indexed by perceptual discrimination of objects and scenes with overlapping features, and strategic retrieval ability, indexed by standardised tests of executive function, to mnemonic discrimination in a large cohort of older adults (N=124). We took an individual differences approach and characterised the contributions of these factors to performance under Forced Choice (FC) and Yes/No (YN) recognition memory formats, which place different demands on strategic retrieval. Performance in both test formats declined with age. Accounting for age, individual differences in FC memory performance were best explained by perceptual discrimination score, whereas YN memory performance was best explained by executive functions. A linear mixed model and dominance analyses confirmed the relatively greater importance of perceptual discrimination over executive functioning for FC performance, while the opposite was true for YN. These findings highlight parallels between perceptual and mnemonic discrimination in aging, the importance of considering demands on executive functions in the context of mnemonic discrimination, and the relevance of test format for modulating the impact of these factors on performance in older adults.
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