期刊
LAND
卷 10, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/land10070727
关键词
soil quality assessment; sewage sludge; long-term effect; Mediterranean soils
资金
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA) [RTA2017-00088-C03-01]
- European Union [801586]
This study aimed to identify sensitive soil quality indicators and assess soil quality in a sub-humid Mediterranean calcareous soil after long-term application of sewage sludge and conventional mineral fertilization. The results showed that soil quality can be affected in opposite directions by sewage sludge application, highlighting the need for a holistic approach to assess soil functioning in this type of agrosystem.
The aim of this work was to identify the most sensitive soil quality indicators and assess soil quality after long-term application of sewage sludge (SS) and conventional mineral fertilization for rainfed cereal production in a sub-humid Mediterranean calcareous soil. The treatments included six combinations of SS at different doses (40 t ha(-1) and 80 ha(-1)) and frequencies (every 1, 2 and 4 years), plus a control with mineral fertilization, and a baseline control without fertilization. Twenty-five years after the onset of the experiment, 37 pre-selected physical, chemical and biological soil parameters were measured, and a minimum data set was determined. Among these indicators, those significantly affected by treatment and depth were selected as sensitive. A principal component analysis (PCA) was then performed for each studied depth. At 0-15 cm, PCA identified three factors (F1, F2 and F3), and at 15-30 cm, two factors (F4 and F5) that explained 71.5% and 67.4% of the variation, respectively, in the soil parameters. The most sensitive indicators (those with the highest correlation within each factor) were related to nutrients (P and N), organic matter, and trace metals (F1 and F4), microporosity (F2), earthworm activity (F3), and exchangeable cations (F5). Only F3 correlated significantly (and negatively) with yield. From these results, we concluded that soil quality can be affected in opposite directions by SS application, and that a holistic approach is needed to better assess soil functioning under SS fertilization in this type of agrosystem.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据