Impact of cadmium substitution on the structural, spectral, dielectric and magnetic properties of Z-type hexaferrites synthesized via sol-gel route

Cadmium substituted Z-type hexaferrites are prepared via the sol-gel route. The phase temperature of presintered materials is studied from the thermal analysis. The single-phase of Z-type hexaferrite is found through X-ray diffraction investigation. The Crystallite sizes of the entire samples are evaluated within the range of 14-15 nm. The Fe-O stretching vibration band at 566 cm-1 is confirmed from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Saturation magnetization (Ms) coercivity (Hc) and remanence (Mr) is examined by a vibrating sample magnetometer. The magnitude of Ms has been increased from 45.41 to 56.35 emu/g with an increase of Cd2+ concentration. The magnitude of Hc increased from 950.79 to 2186.95 Oe with an increment of Cd2+ concentration. Small values of squareness ratio (less than 0.5) showed the hard and single magnetic domain nature of the materials. The dielectric properties were analyzed using an impedance analyzer. Dielectric parameters show an increasing trend with the substitution of Cd2+. The maximum values of quality factor up to 17,000 and 10,000 are observed for sample Ba2.85Cd0.15Co2Fe24O41 at 1 GHz and 2.7 GHz, respectively. The high value of the Q-factor shows that these ferrites can be applicable for the formation of resonant circuits and multilayer chip inductors.

Automated summary

Cadmium substituted Z-type hexaferrites were prepared using the sol-gel route, and their phase temperature, crystallite sizes, magnetic properties, and dielectric properties were studied. The saturation magnetization and coercivity increased with the concentration of Cd2+, indicating a significant impact on the magnetic properties. Dielectric parameters showed an increasing trend with the substitution of Cd2+.