From tetranuclear to pentanuclear [Co-Ln] (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho) complexes across the lanthanide series: effect of varying sequence of ligand addition

Two new families of cobalt(II/III)-lanthanide(III) coordination aggregates have been reported: tetranuclear [Ln(2)(III)Co(2)(III)L(2)(N-BuDEA)(2)(O2CCMe3)(4)(H2O)(2)]center dot(MeOH)(n)center dot(H2O)(m) (Ln = Gd, 1; Tb, 2; Dy, 3; n=2, m=10 for 1 and 2; n=6, m=2 for 3) and pentanuclear Ln(2)(III)Co(II)Co(2)(III)L(2)(N-BuDEA)(2)(O2CCMe3)(6)(MeOH)(2) (Ln = Dy, 4; Ho, 5) formed from the reaction of two aggregation assisting ligands H2L (o-vanillin oxime) and N-BuDEAH(2) (N-butyldiethanolamine). A change in preference from a lower to higher nuclearity structure was observed on going across the lanthanide series brought about by the variation in the size of the Ln(III) ions. An interesting observation was made for the varying sequence of addition of the ligands into the reaction medium paving the way to access both structural types for Ln = Dy. HRMS (+ve) of solutions gave further insight into the formation of the aggregates via different pathways. The tetranuclear complexes adopt a modified butterfly structure with a more complex bridging network while trapping of an extra Co-II ion in the pentanuclear complexes destroys this arrangement putting the Co-Co-Co axis above the Ln-Ln axis. Direct current (dc) magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal weak antiferromagnetic coupling in 1. Complexes 2 and 5 display no slow magnetic relaxation, whereas complexes 3 and 4 display out-of-phase signals at low temperature in ac susceptibility measurements. All compounds were analyzed with DFT and CASSCF calculations and informations about the single-ion anisotropies and mutual 4f-4f/4f-3d magnetic interactions were derived.

Automated summary

The synthesis and structural analysis of two new families of cobalt-lanthanide coordination aggregates revealed that the size variation of lanthanide ions affects the preference for nuclearity structure formation. Additionally, the order of ligand addition in the reaction medium influences the structural types of the resulting products.