4.2 Article

XUV pump-XUV probe transient absorption spectroscopy at FELs

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FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
卷 228, 期 -, 页码 519-536

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ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00107d

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The emergence of ultra-intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) and X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) has enabled the experimental realization of non-linear XUV and X-ray spectroscopy techniques. This study demonstrates an experimental setup for all-XUV transient absorption spectroscopy on gas-phase targets at the FEL, providing insights into the dynamics of light-matter interactions in the XUV and X-ray spectral range.
The emergence of ultra-intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) and X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) has opened the door for the experimental realization of non-linear XUV and X-ray spectroscopy techniques. Here we demonstrate an experimental setup for an all-XUV transient absorption spectroscopy method for gas-phase targets at the FEL. The setup combines a high spectral resolving power of E/Delta E approximate to 1500 with sub-femtosecond interferometric resolution, and covers a broad XUV photon-energy range between approximately 20 and 110 eV. We demonstrate the feasibility of this setup firstly on a neon target. Here, we intensity- and time-resolve key aspects of non-linear XUV-FEL light-matter interactions, namely the non-resonant ionization dynamics and resonant coupling dynamics of bound states, including XUV-induced Stark shifts of energy levels. Secondly, we show that this setup is capable of tracking the XUV-initiated dissociation dynamics of small molecular targets (oxygen and diiodomethane) with site-specific resolution, by measuring the XUV transient absorption spectrum. In general, benefitting from a single-shot detection capability, we show that the setup and method provides single-shot phase-locked XUV pulse pairs. This lays the foundation to perform, in the future, experiments as a function of the XUV interferometric time delay and the relative phase, which enables advanced coherent non-linear spectroscopy schemes in the XUV and X-ray spectral range.

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