期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
卷 108, 期 9, 页码 1716-1730出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1735
关键词
flower evolution; geometric morphometrics; Leguminosae; morphological convergence; ornithophily; Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) models; petal shape
资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2017-05747]
- Mutua Madrilena Foundation (Madrid, Spain)
- Obra Social la Caixa Foundation (Barcelona, Spain)
The study demonstrates that model-based approaches using petal shape can detect convergent evolution of floral shape and relatively accurately infer pollination modes in Erythrina; significant petal shape differences were found between hummingbird- and passerine-pollinated Erythrina species, and petal combinations generally providing better inferences of pollinator types.
Premise Pollinators are thought to exert selective pressures on plants, mediating the evolution of convergent floral shape often recognized as pollination syndromes. However, little is known about the accuracy of using petal shape for inferring convergence in pollination mode without a priori pollination information. Here we studied the genus Erythrina L. as a test case to assess whether ornithophyllous pollination modes (hummingbirds, passerines, sunbirds, or mixed pollination) can be inferred based on the evolutionary analysis of petal shape. Methods We characterized the two-dimensional dissected shape of standard, keel, and wing petals from 106 Erythrina species using geometric morphometrics and reconstructed a phylogenetic tree of 83 Erythrina species based on plastid trnL-F and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. We then used two phylogenetic comparative methods based on Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models, SURFACE and l1OU, to infer distinct morphological groups using petal shape and identify instances of convergent evolution. The effectiveness of these methods was evaluated by comparing the groups inferred to known pollinators. Results We found significant petal shape differences between hummingbird- and passerine-pollinated Erythrina species. Our analyses also revealed that petal combinations generally provided better inferences of pollinator types than individual petals and that the method and optimization criterion can affect the results. Conclusions We show that model-based approaches using petal shape can detect convergent evolution of floral shape and relatively accurately infer pollination modes in Erythrina. The inference power of the keel petals argues for a deeper investigation of their role in the pollination biology of Erythrina and other bird-pollinated legumes.
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