期刊
ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES
卷 11, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/admsci11030099
关键词
smart mix; sustainability; organic; international supply chain; voluntary measures; Switzerland
类别
资金
- German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through the project Enhancing supply chain stability, resilience and sustainability through improved sub-supplier management -chocolate and cotton apparel case studies within the National Research Programme 73 Su
This study aims to define the concept of Smart Mixes, create a generalizable analytical tool for identifying their presence in international supply chains, and demonstrate their feasibility using the example of organic imports into Switzerland. It shows that Smart Mixes can be effective in influencing supply chain actors outside of government jurisdiction, particularly when public and private sector interests are aligned.
Combinations of national and international, hard and soft powers, known as Smart Mixes, have been proposed as a way for governments in consumer countries to influence the behaviour of supply chain actors who operate outside their jurisdiction. However, the Smart Mix concept has not yet been precisely defined, which has hindered its operationalization as a means of analyzing the governance of long and complex international supply chains. The aim of this contribution is to derive a working definition of Smart Mixes and use it to create and demonstrate a generalizable analytical tool that facilitates identification of whether a Smart Mix exists in an international supply chain. To address this aim, we reviewed existing literature on Smart Mixes to define the concept, which led to a three-step process for analyzing a supply chain. In a second stage, we demonstrate the process by applying it to the example of organic imports into Switzerland, using data from expert interviews and existing public documentation. The application showed that the governance of the organic sector in Switzerland related to imported products fulfils the criteria for it to be considered a Smart Mix that enables the Swiss Government to influence the behaviour of supply chain actors outside its jurisdiction. This example shows that the proposed Smart Mix concept is sound under particular circumstances: in this case, when the interests of the public and private sectors are aligned so that binding public measures provide protection to the private sector. These circumstances are not unique to organic imports into Switzerland, which allows the conclusion that Smart Mixes may provide sustainability solutions in other international supply chains.
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