Influence of interstitial UO22+ doping on the valence control of Eu and energy transfer to substitutional Eu3+ and Sm3+ in SrBPO5

Controlling the valence mixing of Eu3+/Eu2+ and energy transfer between activator ions in solid solution is an important process to improve the efficiency and specificity of phosphors. In this work, the structural and optical properties of stillwellite type SrBPO5 doped with uranium/europium/samarium, as prepared by conventional solid-state reaction synthesis, were investigated. PXRD studies and Rietveld analysis were carried out to determine the structure, phase purity, and coordination environment of the dopants in the host matrix. Samarium existed only as a trivalent cation in SrBPO5 synthesised in an air atmosphere, whereas europium exhibited abnormal reduction and Eu2+ co-existed with Eu3+. Unlike Eu and Sm, which replaced Sr at its sites, uranium gets stabilised as UO22+ in the interstitial vacant space in the SrBPO5 lattice. Uranium co-doping strongly influenced the Eu valence distribution by favouring the re-oxidation of Eu2+ to Eu3+. Possible mechanisms of Eu abnormal reduction in SrBPO5 and Eu valence control based on the electron transfer from substitutional Eu2+ to interstitial UO22+ are discussed. The photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence properties of Eu/Sm/U doped SrBPO5 were investigated systematically. Uranium co-doping significantly enhanced the emission intensities of trivalent Eu and Sm through the exchange-type energy transfer. Besides, the Eu3+ luminescence intensity was further amplified in the presence of uranium due to the partial oxidation of Eu2+ to Eu3+. By controlling the uranium to Eu concentration ratio, the Eu-SrBPO5 phosphor could be tuned to different CIE coordinates.

Automated summary

In this study, the structural and optical properties of stillwellite type SrBPO5 doped with uranium/europium/samarium were investigated, with uranium co-doping significantly influencing the valence distribution of Eu and enhancing the emission intensities of trivalent Eu and Sm. Additionally, the presence of uranium further amplified the Eu3+ luminescence intensity due to the partial oxidation of Eu2+ to Eu3+, providing potential for tuning the Eu-SrBPO5 phosphor to different CIE coordinates.