Recent progress in metal sulfide-based electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells

High-quality electron transport layers (ETLs) are essential for stable and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Metal sulfides (MSs) are considered potential candidates for ETLs due to their high carrier mobility, low cost, and favorable chemical and physical stability. The quality of the MS films plays important role in the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. However, few reports focus on the relative preparation, characteristics, and corresponding mechanisms of MS-based ETLs. In this review, MS-based ETLs are summarized according to their preparation strategies and the mechanism. We hope that this review can help others understand the intrinsic phenomena of MS-based ETLs and motivate further investigations.

Automated summary

High-quality electron transport layers (ETLs) made of metal sulfides (MSs) are essential for stable and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The quality of MS films plays a crucial role in the photovoltaic performance of PSCs, but there is a lack of focus on the preparation, characteristics, and mechanisms of MS-based ETLs. This review aims to summarize MS-based ETLs and their preparation strategies, hoping to provide insights for further research in this area.