4.6 Article

Causal Networks and Freedom of Choice in Bell's Theorem

期刊

PRX QUANTUM
卷 2, 期 4, 页码 -

出版社

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.040323

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资金

  1. John Templeton Foundation via Q-CAUSAL [61084]
  2. John Templeton Foundation via Quantum Information Structure of Spacetime (QISS) Project [61466]
  3. Serrapilheira Institute [Serra-1708-15763]
  4. Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) via the National Institute for Science and Technology on Quantum Information (INCT-IQ) [307172/2017-1, 311375/2020-0]
  5. MIUR via PRIN 2017 (Progetto di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale), Project QUSHIP (2017SRNBRK)
  6. Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
  7. Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada
  8. Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Colleges and Universities
  9. Brazilian agency MCTIC
  10. Brazilian agency MEC

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Bell's theorem proves the incompatibility between quantum theory and local hidden-variable models, showing that classical causal models cannot explain quantum correlations, but measurement dependence can be quantitatively upper bounded within a network.
Bell's theorem is typically understood as the proof that quantum theory is incompatible with local hidden-variable models. More generally, we can see the violation of a Bell inequality as witnessing the impossibility of explaining quantum correlations with classical causal models. The violation of a Bell inequality, however, does not exclude classical models where some level of measurement dependence is allowed, that is, the choice made by observers can be correlated with the source generating the systems to be measured. Here, we show that the level of measurement dependence can be quantitatively upper bounded if we arrange the Bell test within a network. Furthermore, we also prove that these results can be adapted in order to derive nonlinear Bell inequalities for a large class of causal networks and to identify quantumly realizable correlations that violate them.

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