4.3 Article

The second warning to humanity: contributions and solutions from conservation physiology

期刊

CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 1-18

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab038

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资金

  1. National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology program [DEB-DEB-1340856]
  2. National Science Foundation [IOS-1755055, 1951244, 2017949]
  3. FutureMARES (Climate Change and Future Marine Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity, EU H2020) [869300]
  4. Direct For Biological Sciences [2017949] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  5. Direct For Biological Sciences
  6. Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1951244] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  7. Division Of Environmental Biology [2017949] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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The Union of Concerned Scientists issued two warnings in 1992 and 2017, urging global action to address environmental degradation and transition to sustainability. The field of conservation physiology can contribute to these goals by focusing on connected reserves, halting habitat conversion, restoring native plant communities, rewilding regions, developing policy instruments, and increasing societal engagement and appreciation for nature.
In 1992, the Union of Concerned Scientists shared their 'World Scientists'Warning to Humanity' with governmental leaders worldwide, calling for immediate action to halt the environmental degradation that threatens the systems that support life on Earth. A follow-up 'Second Warning' was released in 2017, with over 15 000 scientists as signatories, describing the lack of progress in adopting the sustainable practices necessary to safeguard the biosphere. In their 'SecondWarning', Ripple and colleagues provided 13 'diverse and effective steps humanity can take to transition to sustainability.' Here, we discuss how the field of conservation physiology can contribute to six of these goals: (i) prioritizing connected, well-managed reserves; (ii) halting the conversion of native habitats to maintain ecosystemservices; (iii) restoring native plant communities; (iv) rewilding regions with native species; (v) developing policy instruments; and (vi) increasing outdoor education, societal engagement and reverence for nature. Throughout, we focus our recommendations on specific aspects of physiological function while acknowledging that the exact traits that will be useful in each context are oftenstill being determined and refined. However, for each goal, we include a short case study to illustrate a specific physiological trait or group of traits that is already being utilized in that context. We conclude with suggestions for how conservation physiologists can broaden the impact of their science aimed at accomplishing the goals of the 'Second Warning'. Overall, we provide an overview of how conservation physiology can contribute to addressing the grand socio-environmental challenges of our time.

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