Comorbidity and COVID-19: investigating the relationship between medical and psychological well-being

Objective: The unprecedented occurrence of a global pandemic is accompanied by both physical and psychological burdens that may impair quality of life. Research relating to COVID-19 aims to determine the effects of the pandemic on vulnerable populations who are at high risk of developing negative health or psychosocial outcomes. Having an ongoing medical condition during a pandemic may lead to greater psychological distress. Increased psychological distress may be due to preventative public health measures (e.g. lockdown), having an ongoing medical condition, or a combination of these factors. Methods: This study analyses data from an online cross-sectional national survey of adults in Ireland and investigates the relationship between comorbidity and psychological distress. Those with a medical condition (n = 128) were compared to a control group without a medical condition (n = 128) and matched according to age, gender, annual income, education, and work status during COVID-19. Participants and data were obtained during the first public lockdown in Ireland (27 March 2020-8 June 2020). Results: Individuals with existing medical conditions reported significantly higher levels of anxiety (p < .01) and felt less gratitude (p <= .001). Exploratory analysis indicated that anxiety levels were significantly associated with illness perceptions specific to COVID-19. Post hoc analysis revealed that psychological well-being was not significantly related to condition type (e.g. respiratory disorders). Conclusion: This research supports individualised supports for people with ongoing medical conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and has implications for the consideration of follow-up care specifically for mental health. Findings may also inform future public health policies and post-vaccine support strategies for vulnerable populations.

Automated summary

Research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with ongoing medical conditions found that they experienced higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of gratitude. Anxiety levels were significantly associated with illness perceptions specific to COVID-19. Individualized supports for people with ongoing medical conditions during this time are recommended to address mental health concerns and improve overall well-being.