期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 24, 期 29, 页码 23196-23206出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9743-5
关键词
17-Alpha-ethinylestradiol; Degradation kinetic; Natural degradation; Environmental model; Endocrine disruptor
资金
- Charles University in Prague [SVV 260 401]
Over the past decade, the environment has been polluted by a wide spectrum of exogenous chemicals and environmental analysis has become one of the most progressive parts of analytical research. The aim of this work was to determine the kinetics of natural degradation, and to identify the degradation products of the massively used estrogenic drug, 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol. The photodegradation, oxidation and thermostability conditions were selected according to ICH requirements for pharmaceutical stability testing. A simple 72-h photodegradation study in purified water exhibited significant first-order kinetics with the kinetic constant k = 0.0303 h(-1), and degradation halftime 22.8 h. The basic halftime could be reduced to 17.1 h by the addition of sea salt, and increase in temperature. Monohydroxy, dihydroxy and dehydrogenated derivatives of ethinylestradiol with intact steroidal structure were identified as major degradation products resulting from simple photodegradation. The addition of an oxidative agent significantly accelerated the degradation rate; combined with higher temperature, the degradation halftime was reduced to 1.1 h with the first-order kinetic constant k = 0.632 h(-1). TOC analysis showed a notable decrease of organic mass (18% in 3 days) during oxidation experiments, and confirmed the degradation of steroidal structure.
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