Point source dispersion of surface drifters in the southern Gulf of Mexico

The dispersion of surface drifters released over a 7-year period from five locations in the southern Gulf of Mexico is described. It is shown that the drifter dispersion is strongly affected by the main mesoscale circulations features frequently observed in this area. Some of them are the anticyclonic eddies shed by the Loop Current at the eastern side of the Gulf of Mexico, and a semi-permanent cyclonic gyre at the Bay of Campeche. The results are examined further in terms of two dominant and contrasting dispersion scenarios: (i) an intense northward advection of drifters, preferentially along the western margin, and (ii) the retention of drifters in the southernmost part of the Gulf of Mexico. The results are discussed from an environmental point of view, by considering particle dispersion from point sources as an approach to study marine pollution problems.