Cardiopulmonary mortality and COPD attributed to ambient ozone

Tropospheric ozone is the second most important atmospheric pollutant after particulate matter with respect to its impact on human health and is increasing of its concentrations globally. The main objective of this study was to assess of health effects attributable to ground-level ozone (O-3) in Kermanshah, Iran using one-hour O-3 concentrations measured between March 2014 and March 2015. The AirQ program was applied for estimation of the numbers of cardiovascular mortality (CM), respiratory mortality (RM), and hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HA-COPD) using relative risk (RR) and baseline incidence (BI) as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). The largest percentage of person-days for different O-3 concentrations was in the concentration range of 30-39 mu g/m(3). The health modeling results suggested that similar to 2% (95% CI: 0-2.9%) of cardiovascular mortality, 5.9% (95% CI: 2.3-9.4) of respiratory mortality, and 4.1% (CI: 2.5-6.1%) of the HA-COPD were attributed to O-3 concentrations higher than 10 mu g/m(3). For each 10 mu g/m(3) increase in O-3 concentration, the risk of cardiovascular mortality, respiratory mortality, and HA-COPD increased by 0.40%, 1.25%, and 0.86%, respectively. Furthermore, 88.8% of health effects occurred on days with O-3 level less than 100 mu g/m(3). Thus, action is needed to reduce the emissions of O-3 precursors especially transport and energy production in Kermanshah.